Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Osteomyelitis, Acute
PATHOGENS
- Staphylococcus aureus (most common)
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Streptococcus species
- Enterococcus
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Escherichia coli
- Salmonella species
- Serratia species
- Kingella kingae
- Pediatric > adults
- Other Gram-negative enteric bacilli
- Much less common:
- Anaerobes
- Cutibacterium acnes
- Fungi
- Mycobacteria
- Brucella)
- Some typical settings:
- Hardware [S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (more with chronic), C. acnes (more commonly chronic presentation)]
- IV drug use (S. aureus, Pseudomonas, Serratia)
- Sickle cell (Salmonella)
- Diabetes (Group B strep)
- Nail through sneaker (Pseudomonas)
- Human bite (Eikenella)
- Animal bite (Pasteurella)
- Urinary tract infection or GU manipulation (E.coli, Proteus, other Gram-negative bacilli)
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Last updated: September 8, 2024
Citation
Keller, Sara. "Osteomyelitis, Acute." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2024. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540404/0/Osteomyelitis_Acute.
Keller S. Osteomyelitis, Acute. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540404/0/Osteomyelitis_Acute. Accessed October 31, 2025.
Keller, S. (2024). Osteomyelitis, Acute. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540404/0/Osteomyelitis_Acute
Keller S. Osteomyelitis, Acute [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. [cited 2025 October 31]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540404/0/Osteomyelitis_Acute.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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Y1 - 2024/09/08/
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PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Pediatrics Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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