Sepsis
PATHOGENS
- Sepsis (Greek, putrefaction): life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host’s response to infection.[23]
- Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a greater mortality risk than sepsis alone.[1]
- Both virulence of the pathogen and the host’s immunologic vulnerabilities determine the sepsis’s likelihood and outcome.
- Pathogens are associated with a site of antecedent infection: not comprehensive list.
- Gram-negative bacteria: E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia
- Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus species
- Toxin mediated: Staphylococcal or streptococcal toxic shock, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium sordellii.[20]
- Viral: influenza A, human metapneumovirus, coronavirus,[10] and respiratory syncytial virus[13]
- Fungal: Candida
- Rickettsial: R. rickettsii, R. typhi[17]
- Consider hosts with recognized vulnerabilities as well as exposures to pathogens of recognized virulence.
- Maternal and neonatal: Group B streptococci, E. coli., Group A streptococci (puerperal sepsis)[7]
- Injection drug users: S. aureus, esp. MRSA, and Candida[11]
- Splenectomized or functionally asplenic pts: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, Capnocytophaga canimorsus[12], Babesia spp.
- Neutropenic: GNB, Aspergillus.
- Traveler: malaria, salmonellosis.
- Healthy young adult: toxic shock syndromes (S. aureus or group A strep), N. meningitidis, bioterrorism (anthrax, plague), Hantavirus, severe influenza +/- bacterial superinfection.
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Last updated: June 19, 2023
Citation
Spacek, Lisa A. "Sepsis." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2023. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540497/all/Sepsis.
Spacek LA. Sepsis. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540497/all/Sepsis. Accessed October 15, 2024.
Spacek, L. A. (2023). Sepsis. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540497/all/Sepsis
Spacek LA. Sepsis [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. [cited 2024 October 15]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540497/all/Sepsis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Sepsis
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DB - Pediatrics Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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