Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Rhinovirus
MICROBIOLOGY
- Rhinovirus (RV) is a single-strand, non-enveloped positive-sense RNA virus; as an enterovirus, it is a member of the Picornaviridae family of viruses.
- There are three species and 169 serologic virus subtypes.
- Human rhinovirus is responsible for up to 80% of common colds.
- Species include RV-A (adults > children), RV-B (least common) and RV-C (new species, often more severe or disseminated in children)
- There are three species and 169 serologic virus subtypes.
- Rhinoviruses gain entry via the upper respiratory tract, binding to ICAM-1 (intracellular adhesion molecule -1) receptors on epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract. Chemokines and cytokines cause inflammation due to viral infection, causing local symptoms.
- The involvement of cell receptors is believed to account for part of the host effect and pathogenesis.
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Last updated: March 18, 2023
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul. "Rhinovirus." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2023. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540476/all/Rhinovirus.
Auwaerter P. Rhinovirus. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540476/all/Rhinovirus. Accessed July 28, 2025.
Auwaerter, P. (2023). Rhinovirus. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540476/all/Rhinovirus
Auwaerter P. Rhinovirus [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. [cited 2025 July 28]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540476/all/Rhinovirus.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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