Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Lactobacillus
MICROBIOLOGY
- Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic (or microaerophilic) rod [Fig].
- > 170 species are known.
- Normal flora of the GI/GU tract.
- Produces lactic acid from glycogen, providing for a low vaginal pH.
- Species are often used to produce yogurt, cheese, wine and other fermented products.
- Most are inherently resistant to vancomycin.
- Lactobacilli are typically resistant to aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole.
- L. acidophilus are susceptible to both penicillin and vancomycin
- L. rhamnosus and L. casei are resistant to metronidazole and vancomycin.
- Lactobacilli are typically resistant to aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole.
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Last updated: April 8, 2023
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul. "Lactobacillus." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2023. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540304/3.3/Lactobacillus.
Auwaerter P. Lactobacillus. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540304/3.3/Lactobacillus. Accessed November 4, 2025.
Auwaerter, P. (2023). Lactobacillus. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540304/3.3/Lactobacillus
Auwaerter P. Lactobacillus [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. [cited 2025 November 04]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540304/3.3/Lactobacillus.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Lactobacillus
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BT - Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
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PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Pediatrics Central
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