Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Hantavirus
Hantavirus is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Segmented, negative-sense RNA virus. Large number of species (23 to date) with more discovered regularly.
- Member of Bunyaviridae. Unlike other viruses in this family that are arthropod-borne, hantaviruses are rodent-borne viruses associated with specific reservoirs.
- In the U.S., geographic locales differ:
- Southeast: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), cotton (Sigmodon hispidus) and rice (Oryzomys palustris) rats
- Northeast: the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) has been associated.
- Transmission to humans through inhalation of aerosolized saliva, urine or feces of reservoir host.
- Hantavirus New World: (e.g., Sin Nombre virus) known to cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
- Carried by the New World rats and mice, family Muridae, subfamily Sigmodontinae; these rodents are not found in urban sites.
- Deer mouse
- Cotton rat
- Rice rat
- White-footed mouse
- Carried by the New World rats and mice, family Muridae, subfamily Sigmodontinae; these rodents are not found in urban sites.
- Hantaan virus, Old World: may cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), from an infected rodent or rodent excretions exposure.
- Known rodent carriers:
- Striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius, Saaremaa and Hantaan virus)
- Brown or Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus, Seoul virus)
- Bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus, Puumala virus)
- Yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis, Dobrava virus)
- Puumala virus, a hantavirus carried in bank voles, may cause Nephropathia epidemica in humans primarily in Europe, western Russia.
- Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV) causes a more severe HFRS, again in Europe.
- Hantaan virus: HFRS in predominantly eastern Asia
- Saaremaa virus: Scandinavia, central Europe
- Seoul virus: HFRS worldwide, most commonly in Asia, rare cases in North America.
- Known rodent carriers:
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Last updated: May 4, 2019
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul G. "Hantavirus." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2019. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540255/all/Hantavirus.
Auwaerter PG. Hantavirus. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540255/all/Hantavirus. Accessed October 21, 2019.
Auwaerter, P. G. (2019). Hantavirus. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. Available from https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540255/all/Hantavirus
Auwaerter PG. Hantavirus [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. [cited 2019 October 21]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540255/all/Hantavirus.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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