Francisella tularensis
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Small, pleomorphic, intracellular and extracellular fastidious aerobic Gram-negative coccobacillus [Fig 1].
- Culture: poor or no growth on standard media.
- Media most often employed: Thayer-Martin, BCYE or chocolate agar with addition of cysteine and/or cysteine (thioglycolate).
- MacConkey does not yield growth.
- Slow grower, may require CO2 supplementation.
- Media most often employed: Thayer-Martin, BCYE or chocolate agar with addition of cysteine and/or cysteine (thioglycolate).
- Considered an important laboratory hazard to laboratory personnel requiring specialized safety procedures. Notify lab if considering diagnosis when submitting specimens; higher level labs may be required.
- Four recognized subspecies that vary in location and virulence:
- F. tularensis: distinguished by PCR.
- Biovar tularensis (Type A), typically associated with lagomorphs (hares, rabbits, pikas)
- Biovar holarctica (B), frequently associated with rodents and aquatic environments
- Biovar mediasiatica and subspecies novicida
- F. tularensis: distinguished by PCR.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Small, pleomorphic, intracellular and extracellular fastidious aerobic Gram-negative coccobacillus [Fig 1].
- Culture: poor or no growth on standard media.
- Media most often employed: Thayer-Martin, BCYE or chocolate agar with addition of cysteine and/or cysteine (thioglycolate).
- MacConkey does not yield growth.
- Slow grower, may require CO2 supplementation.
- Media most often employed: Thayer-Martin, BCYE or chocolate agar with addition of cysteine and/or cysteine (thioglycolate).
- Considered an important laboratory hazard to laboratory personnel requiring specialized safety procedures. Notify lab if considering diagnosis when submitting specimens; higher level labs may be required.
- Four recognized subspecies that vary in location and virulence:
- F. tularensis: distinguished by PCR.
- Biovar tularensis (Type A), typically associated with lagomorphs (hares, rabbits, pikas)
- Biovar holarctica (B), frequently associated with rodents and aquatic environments
- Biovar mediasiatica and subspecies novicida
- F. tularensis: distinguished by PCR.
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