Burkholderia cepacia complex
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Multi-species complex of bacteria, B. cepacia complex (Bcc) with species: B. cepacia, B. cenocepacia, B. multivorans, B. stablis, B. vietnamiensis, B. dolosa, B. ambifaria, B. lata, B. pyrrocinia.
- Known to produce secondary metabolites with antifungal and antimicrobial properties.[10]
- Non-fermenting, aerobic Gram-negative rod [Fig 1]. Originally described by Burkholder as a causative agent of bacterial rot of onion bulbs (Latin, cepacia = onion).[11]
- Formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia.
- Waterborne, nosocomial, opportunistic pathogen. Ubiquitous in water, soil, plants.
- Recognized as the etiologic agent of "foot rot" or "swamp rot," maceration and hyperkeratosis affecting the toe webs of American soldiers who trained in wet terrain.[6]
- Adheres to epithelial cells and mucin; survives inside epithelial cells and macrophages; forms biofilms; secretes catalases, proteases and siderophores.[1]
- B. cenocepacia associated with the highest risk of mortality.[12]
- Inherently resistant to many antibiotics, including first and second-generation cephalosporins, carboxypenicillins, aminoglycosides and polymyxins.[6] Multi-drug resistance is common.[16][8]
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Multi-species complex of bacteria, B. cepacia complex (Bcc) with species: B. cepacia, B. cenocepacia, B. multivorans, B. stablis, B. vietnamiensis, B. dolosa, B. ambifaria, B. lata, B. pyrrocinia.
- Known to produce secondary metabolites with antifungal and antimicrobial properties.[10]
- Non-fermenting, aerobic Gram-negative rod [Fig 1]. Originally described by Burkholder as a causative agent of bacterial rot of onion bulbs (Latin, cepacia = onion).[11]
- Formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia.
- Waterborne, nosocomial, opportunistic pathogen. Ubiquitous in water, soil, plants.
- Recognized as the etiologic agent of "foot rot" or "swamp rot," maceration and hyperkeratosis affecting the toe webs of American soldiers who trained in wet terrain.[6]
- Adheres to epithelial cells and mucin; survives inside epithelial cells and macrophages; forms biofilms; secretes catalases, proteases and siderophores.[1]
- B. cenocepacia associated with the highest risk of mortality.[12]
- Inherently resistant to many antibiotics, including first and second-generation cephalosporins, carboxypenicillins, aminoglycosides and polymyxins.[6] Multi-drug resistance is common.[16][8]
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