Costochondritis

Costochondritis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Pediatric Consult.

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Basics

Description

Costochondritis is chest pain that emanates from a costal cartilage and is reproducible on compression of that cartilage.

Epidemiology

Frequency of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy is 0.1–1.6%.
Costochondritis accounts for 10–31% of all pediatric chest pain.
Peak age for chest pain in children is 12 to 14 years.

Pathophysiology

Inflammation of unknown etiology (Histologic examination is usually normal.)
Infection
- Can present months to years after surgery (The costal cartilage is avascular, making it vulnerable to infection if it has been exposed, injured, or denuded of perichondrium.)
- Complication of median sternotomy
- Occurs by spread from adjacent osteomyelitis or may arise de novo during surgery

Etiology

Infectious
- Bacterial
  - Staphylococcus aureus (especially after thoracic surgery)
  - Salmonella (in sickle cell disease)
  - Escherichia coli
  - Pseudomonas sp.
  - Klebsiella sp.
- Fungal
  - Aspergillus flavus
  - Candida albicans
Posttraumatic injury

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Citation

Cabana, Michael D., editor. "Costochondritis." 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 8th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2019. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis.

Costochondritis. In: Cabana MD, ed. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis. Accessed January 22, 2019.

Costochondritis. (2019). In Cabana, M. D. (Ed.), 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. Available from https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis

Costochondritis [Internet]. In: Cabana MD, editors. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. [cited 2019 January 22]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis

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TY - ELEC T1 - Costochondritis ID - 617108 ED - Cabana,Michael D, BT - 5-Minute Pediatric Consult UR - https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis PB - Wolters Kluwer ET - 8 DB - Pediatrics Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -