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    Costochondritis

    Costochondritis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Pediatric Consult.

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    Basics

    Description

    Costochondritis is chest pain that emanates from a costal cartilage and is reproducible on compression of that cartilage.

    Epidemiology

    • Frequency of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy is 0.1–1.6%.
    • Costochondritis accounts for 10–31% of all pediatric chest pain.
    • Peak age for chest pain in children is 12 to 14 years.

    Pathophysiology

    • Inflammation of unknown etiology (Histologic examination is usually normal.)
    • Infection
      • Can present months to years after surgery (The costal cartilage is avascular, making it vulnerable to infection if it has been exposed, injured, or denuded of perichondrium.)
      • Complication of median sternotomy
      • Occurs by spread from adjacent osteomyelitis or may arise de novo during surgery

    Etiology

    • Infectious
      • Bacterial
        • Staphylococcus aureus (especially after thoracic surgery)
        • Salmonella (in sickle cell disease)
        • Escherichia coli
        • Pseudomonas sp.
        • Klebsiella sp.
      • Fungal
        • Aspergillus flavus
        • Candida albicans
    • Posttraumatic injury

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    Citation

    Cabana, Michael D., editor. "Costochondritis." 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 8th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2019. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis.
    Costochondritis. In: Cabana MD, ed. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis. Accessed April 23, 2019.
    Costochondritis. (2019). In Cabana, M. D. (Ed.), 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. Available from https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis
    Costochondritis [Internet]. In: Cabana MD, editors. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. [cited 2019 April 23]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - ELEC T1 - Costochondritis ID - 617108 ED - Cabana,Michael D, BT - 5-Minute Pediatric Consult UR - https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617108/all/Costochondritis PB - Wolters Kluwer ET - 8 DB - Pediatrics Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -