Strongyloides stercoralis
MICROBIOLOGY
- Helminthic parasite, common worldwide but especially in warmer climes.
- S. stercoralis is the major human pathogen.
- S. fuelleborni occasional human pathogen, described in Papua New Guinea and Africa.
- Larvae live in soil. Human infection by contact with contaminated soil.
- Filariform larvae penetrate the skin and enter lymphatics → can go to lung alveoli or straight to the small intestine.
- Adult female deposits eggs in the intestinal mucosa, larvae hatch and excreted in stool OR may become filariform (infective) in the large intestine and cause auto-infection.
- Cycle yields long-term infection in humans (years-decades, may be considered lifelong).
- Immunosuppression can yield increased organisms as a result of auto-infection → hyperinfection [see life cycle Fig. 1], a potentially fatal condition.
- Larvae are typically seen ~1 month after exposure.
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Last updated: October 10, 2021
Citation
Fabre, Valeria, and Paul G Auwaerter. "Strongyloides Stercoralis." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2021. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540527/all/Strongyloides_stercoralis.
Fabre V, Auwaerter PG. Strongyloides stercoralis. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2021. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540527/all/Strongyloides_stercoralis. Accessed December 1, 2024.
Fabre, V., & Auwaerter, P. G. (2021). Strongyloides stercoralis. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540527/all/Strongyloides_stercoralis
Fabre V, Auwaerter PG. Strongyloides Stercoralis [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2021. [cited 2024 December 01]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540527/all/Strongyloides_stercoralis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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AU - Auwaerter,Paul,M.D.
Y1 - 2021/10/10/
BT - Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
UR - https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540527/all/Strongyloides_stercoralis
PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Pediatrics Central
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