Acute Chest Syndrome/Sickle Cell Disease

Sophie Lanzkron, M.D. , John Joseph Strouse, M.D., Ph.D.
Acute Chest Syndrome/Sickle Cell Disease is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.

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PATHOGENS

  • The most common etiologies of acute chest syndrome are
    • Unknown (46%)
    • Infarction (16%)
    • Fat embolism (9%)
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae (7%)
    • Mycoplasma pneumonia (7%)
    • Viruses (6%)
      • Respiratory syncytial virus (mostly in children)
      • Parvovirus
      • Rhinovirus
      • Parainfluenza virus
      • Influenza A or B
      • Cytomegalovirus (primary infection)
      • Epstein-Barr Virus (primary infection)
      • Herpes simplex virus
      • Adenovirus
    • Other bacteria (5%)
      • Staphylococcus aureus 
      • Streptococcus pneumoniae  
      • Mycoplasma hominis 
      • Haemophilus influenza 
      • Legionella pneumophilia
      • E. Coli 
      • Pseudomonas species
      • Mixed infections (4%)
    • Rare causes: Mycobacteria: M. tuberculosis, M. avium complex, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella species, Serratia marcescens

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PATHOGENS

  • The most common etiologies of acute chest syndrome are
    • Unknown (46%)
    • Infarction (16%)
    • Fat embolism (9%)
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae (7%)
    • Mycoplasma pneumonia (7%)
    • Viruses (6%)
      • Respiratory syncytial virus (mostly in children)
      • Parvovirus
      • Rhinovirus
      • Parainfluenza virus
      • Influenza A or B
      • Cytomegalovirus (primary infection)
      • Epstein-Barr Virus (primary infection)
      • Herpes simplex virus
      • Adenovirus
    • Other bacteria (5%)
      • Staphylococcus aureus 
      • Streptococcus pneumoniae  
      • Mycoplasma hominis 
      • Haemophilus influenza 
      • Legionella pneumophilia
      • E. Coli 
      • Pseudomonas species
      • Mixed infections (4%)
    • Rare causes: Mycobacteria: M. tuberculosis, M. avium complex, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella species, Serratia marcescens

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