Pancreatitis and Infected Pancreatic Necrosis

PATHOGENS

• The most common causes of pancreatitis are noninfectious (gallstones and alcohol).
• Infectious causes include the following pathogens:
  • Viruses: mumps, Coxsackie virus (and other enteroviruses), CMV, varicella zoster virus (VZV), HSV, acute HIV, hepatitis B, SARS-coronavirus-2[1]
  • Bacteria: Mycoplasma spp., Legionella, Leptospira, Salmonella spp.
  • Fungi: cryptococcus (HIV pts), PCP, aspergillus
  • Parasites: Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidia, Ascaris, Strongyloides, Clonorchis
• Infected pancreatic necrosis: usually caused by bowel flora (gram-negative, gram-positive and anaerobic organisms). Resistant bacterial and fungal infection may occur, especially if patients have received prior antibiotics.