Genital Ulcer Adenopathy Syndromes

Susan Tuddenham, M.D., Noreen A. Hynes, M.D., M.P.H., D.T.M.&H.

PATHOGENS

PATHOGENS

PATHOGENS

Infectious Causes

  • Common Sexually Transmitted Infections:
    • Herpes simplex virus
    • Treponema pallidum (primary syphilis or chancre)
    • Chlamydia trachomatis L1, L2 and L3 serovars causing lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (relatively uncommon in the U.S., but outbreaks, particularly in men who have sex with men, have been reported)
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections which are very rare in the United States:
    • Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid)
    • Klebsiella granulomatis (formerly Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) causing granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)
  • Other infections which have been occasionally reported to cause genital ulcers:
    • Primary HIV
    • Phthirus pubis
    • Sarcoptes scabei with pyoderma
    • EBV
    • Tuberculosis
    • Entamoeba histolytica
    • Monkeypox
      • In 2022 an outbreak of monkeypox was reported, with some individuals noted to have genital ulcers, among other clinical features.

Non-Infectious Causes

  • Trauma, fixed drug eruption, Behçets syndrome, malignancy, Crohn’s disease, Lipschutz ulcer

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