Epidural Abscess

PATHOGENS

• S. aureus (most common)
• Enterobacteriaceae
• Streptococcal species
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Brucella species
• Post-neurosurgical procedure: S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Gram-negative bacilli (including Pseudomonas), fungi
  
  • 2012-2013: contaminated compounding pharmacy corticosteroid spinal injection
    • Predominantly Exserohilum spp. (see module for details)
    • Aspergillus
    • Other fungal species
• Immunocompromised host (AIDS, steroids, transplants): Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, Nocardia spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria (non-tubercular)
• Foreign-born: M. tuberculosis