Endocarditis, Prosthetic valve

PATHOGENS

Some typical distributions of common prosthetic valve infectious endocarditis (PVIE) pathogens:

• Early < 2 mos following valvular surgery:
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci (25%)
  • S. aureus (30%)
  • Streptococci (2%)
  • Enterococci (8%)
  • S. bovis (2%)
  • Fungal (9%)
  • Gram-negative bacilli (6%)
• Late >2 mos after valvular surgery:
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci (20%)
  • S. aureus (18%)
  • Streptococci (12%)
  • Enterococci (13%)
  • S. bovis (7%)
  • Fungal (11%)
  • Gram-negative bacilli (1%)
• Nosocomial:
  • S. aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus)
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci
  • Enterococcus
  • Candida spp.